Track and field athletics, commonly known as athletics or track and field, is a collection of sports events that involve running, throwing and jumping. The name “athletics” is derived from the Greek word “athlos”, meaning “contest”. Running events are conducted on a track, typically 400 meters, and include sprints, middle distance events, long distance events (over 3000m), hurdles, relays, road races and racewalking. Field events are segmented into throwing events: discus, hammer, javelin and shot put; and jumping events: high jump and pole vault. Finally, there are also multiple-event competitions which combine events from both the track (running) and field, such as Pentathlon, Heptathlon and Decathlon.